AFOQT Practice Test

Which materials are characterized by poor movement of electrons?

1. Conductors

2. Insulators

3. Semiconductors

4. Superconductors

The correct answer is: Insulators

Insulators are materials that have a very high resistance to the movement of electrons. This property is due to their atomic structure, which does not allow electrons to move freely. In insulators, the valence electrons are tightly bound to their atoms, making it difficult for them to participate in electrical conduction. As a result, the flow of electric current through insulators is minimal, which is why they are commonly used in applications where it is important to prevent the flow of electricity, such as in electrical wiring and protective gear. In contrast, conductors have free electrons that allow for easy movement and, therefore, facilitate electric current flow. Semiconductors have properties between those of conductors and insulators, allowing them to conduct electricity under certain conditions. Superconductors are materials that can conduct electricity without any resistance at very low temperatures.